Navicular syndrome (podotrochlosis) is one of the most common causes of chronic forelimb lameness in horses, causing significant long-term welfare compromise. The condition involves degeneration of the navicular bone, bursa, and associated structures, producing persistent heel pain. Affected horses show shortened stride, reluctance to work, and behavioural changes indicating chronic discomfort. Diagnosis uses radiography, MRI, and nerve blocks. Management options include corrective shoeing (wide-web, rolled toe shoes), NSAIDs, bisphosphonates (tiludronate), and palmar digital neurectomy in severe cases. Neurectomy raises welfare concerns - desensitised horses may continue working without pain awareness, risking undetected injury. Research on regenerative therapies (PRP, stem cells) offers emerging alternatives. Breeding away from conformational risk factors (upright pasterns, small feet) represents the most effective long-term welfare intervention.