Nutritional management failures in sheep cause significant welfare through metabolic diseases including pregnancy toxaemia (twin lamb disease), hypocalcaemia, and hypomagnesaemia. Pregnancy toxaemia affects ewes carrying multiple fetuses in late gestation when energy demand exceeds intake; affected ewes show weakness, recumbency, and neurological signs before death if untreated. Hypomagnesaemia (grass staggers) causes acute neurological disturbance and rapid death. Welfare-positive management includes body condition score monitoring throughout the production cycle, strategic supplementation in late pregnancy, and ensuring adequate access to feed in competitive group housing. Research identifies poor body condition at mating (BCS below 2.0) as the primary risk factor for pregnancy toxaemia. Precision nutrition using near-infrared spectroscopy of forages enables more accurate diet formulation. Emergency treatment with propylene glycol drenching and glucose infusion can rescue affected animals when applied promptly.