Welfare considerations for shrimp larvae during the hatchery phase of production.
Shrimp larval welfare is affected by extreme crowding in hatchery tanks, water quality management, and disease treatment practices. Antibiotic overuse, while targeting disease, creates resistance and may affect larval microbiomes. Welfare-informed hatchery management maintains optimal water quality, uses probiotics to support larval health, and reserves antibiotics for genuine disease emergencies. Larval welfare quality affects the entire downstream production cycle.