Pacific Halibut Welfare in Commercial Capture Fisheries

Pacific halibut are a major commercial species caught by longline and trawl in the North Pacific. Welfare during capture, handling, and slaughter is poorly regulated and highly variable.

Key Facts

Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) is among the largest flatfish, reaching 300 kg
Longline fishing is the primary method, with fish held alive for extended periods
Halibut experience barotrauma during rapid ascent from depth on longlines
On-vessel slaughter methods vary from clubbing to suffocation in fish holds
Halibut show behavioural and physiological stress responses to capture and handling

Welfare Considerations

Pacific halibut endure significant welfare challenges during commercial capture. Longline fishing results in extended periods of entanglement and struggling before retrieval. Barotrauma from rapid decompression causes internal injuries including swim bladder rupture and eye exophthalmia. Delayed slaughter and suffocation in ice slurry or air exposure cause prolonged suffering. Percussive stunning before bleeding is technically feasible and would significantly reduce suffering if adopted as standard practice by the commercial fleet.

What You Can Do

Advocate for mandatory humane slaughter standards in Pacific halibut fisheries
Support certification schemes that require humane handling and slaughter practices
Engage with the International Pacific Halibut Commission on welfare standards
Choose halibut from fisheries demonstrating commitment to responsible handling
Support research into rapid on-vessel stunning methods for large flatfish species