Pangasius (Basa) Welfare in Vietnamese Aquaculture

Pangasius is a major global aquaculture export from Vietnam, with welfare conditions in intensive pond systems varying widely across the supply chain.

Key Facts

Vietnam produces over 1 million tonnes of pangasius annually, primarily for export
Pangasius catfish are hardy and tolerant of poor water conditions relative to other species
High-density pond culture with supplemental aeration is the dominant production system
Disease management relies heavily on antibiotics, raising welfare and food safety concerns
ASC certification is available and provides some welfare standards for large-scale producers

Welfare Considerations

Pangasius welfare in intensive production varies substantially between certified and uncertified operations. High stocking densities, poor water quality management, and disease pressure create chronic welfare challenges in uncertified systems. Their air-breathing supplement means they tolerate lower dissolved oxygen than most fish, but this should not be used to justify conditions that compromise welfare. Certification schemes provide market incentives for improved management including stocking density limits and antibiotic stewardship.

What You Can Do

Choose ASC-certified pangasius products to support higher welfare production standards
Ask retailers about welfare auditing procedures in their pangasius supply chains
Support international development programmes improving aquaculture welfare standards in Vietnam
Encourage antibiotic stewardship requirements as minimum standards in pangasius imports