Companion Animals

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Cat Welfare

FIV is a common viral infection in cats that affects their immune system and long-term welfare prospects.

Key Facts

FIV affects an estimated 1.5-3 percent of pet cats in the UK
The virus is transmitted primarily through bite wounds, making outdoor intact males most at risk
FIV-positive cats can live normal, comfortable lives for many years with appropriate management
FIV is not transmissible to humans, dogs, or other animals except cats
Neutering and keeping cats indoors significantly reduces FIV transmission risk

Welfare Considerations

FIV-positive cats face significant welfare challenges if their immune suppression leads to secondary infections and illness. However, with appropriate veterinary monitoring, prompt treatment of secondary conditions, and careful management, FIV-positive cats can enjoy good quality of life for many years. They should not be euthanised on diagnosis alone.

What You Can Do

Neuter all cats to reduce bite wound transmission of FIV
Test cats for FIV before introducing them to existing cats in the household
Seek veterinary advice about management and monitoring of FIV-positive cats
Adopt FIV-positive cats from rescues with knowledge that they can live well
Monitor FIV-positive cats carefully for signs of secondary infection and treat promptly