Pain management in sheep has historically been neglected due to the species' stoic nature, but evidence-based approaches can significantly improve welfare.
Sheep welfare in relation to pain is compromised by the species' evolutionary tendency to mask vulnerability and by cultural norms within the industry that have historically minimized the significance of sheep pain. A sheep with severe foot rot may continue to graze and move, giving the impression of coping, while experiencing significant chronic pain. Post-operative pain following procedures including castration, tail docking, and foot surgeries is frequently undertreated. Training programs that improve recognition of sheep-specific pain indicators and pain scoring tools calibrated for ovine behavior are changing this picture, but culture change requires leadership from within the industry.