Atlantic halibut are among the most challenging and high-value aquaculture species, with specific welfare requirements related to their flatfish physiology.
Atlantic halibut welfare presents unique challenges due to the species' complex developmental biology and specific environmental requirements. The metamorphic transition from a symmetrical larval to a flatfish form is energetically demanding and results in high mortality in suboptimal conditions. Post-metamorphic halibut require adequate horizontal space and appropriate substrate for resting, as constant enforced swimming is stressful for a naturally benthic species. Light conditions must support the visual system while avoiding photoperiod-induced stress. Water temperature management is critical as halibut are cold-water specialists with narrow thermal tolerance. The specialized welfare requirements of halibut culture demand experienced husbandry and investment in appropriate facilities.