Hedgehogs suffer from several specific diseases that require veterinary intervention, and wildlife rescue organizations play an important role in treating sick individuals.
Hedgehog disease welfare is primarily managed through wildlife rehabilitation networks that provide diagnosis, treatment, and recovery for sick individuals. Hedgehogs found during daylight hours, those found underweight in autumn, or those showing signs of obvious disease all require immediate assessment by a trained wildlife rehabilitator. Lungworm infection, which causes respiratory distress and reduced activity, is treatable with appropriate medication. Mange requires specific miticidal treatment. Nutritional support during rehabilitation is critical for animals that have been unable to feed effectively. The welfare contribution of wildlife rehabilitators treating hedgehogs is significant — many animals would die without intervention that is entirely within available veterinary capability.