The welfare failures of commercial puppy farming and how buyers can avoid supporting systems that cause widespread suffering to breeding dogs and puppies.
Puppy farms cause suffering across the entire supply chain. Breeding dogs often receive minimal veterinary care, inadequate socialization, and no opportunity for normal behavior. They are bred repeatedly until they can no longer produce litters, then discarded. Puppies are often transported long distances at young ages, arriving at pet shops or being sold online before their immune and psychological development is complete. This creates animals prone to health and behavioral problems that cause suffering throughout their lives.