Sheep welfare auditing using validated outcome-based measures enables farms to assess and improve animal welfare systematically. Key welfare indicators include body condition, lameness, fleece soiling, and mortality rates.
Sheep welfare has historically received less attention than cattle or pig welfare, partly due to the perception that extensive grazing systems are inherently welfare-friendly. In reality, sheep can experience significant welfare problems including lameness, internal parasites, respiratory disease, and poor nutrition, particularly in intensive indoor systems or during periods of poor pasture quality. Outcome-based measurement moves beyond inputs (housing size, feeding protocols) to assess the actual welfare state of animals, enabling more targeted improvements.