The Science of Gestation Crate Abolition

Scientific evidence for the harms of gestation crates for breeding sows has driven a global movement toward group housing systems with significant welfare benefits.

Key Facts

Gestation crates measure approximately 0.6 x 2.1 metres, preventing sows from turning around
The EU banned continuous gestation crate use in 2013, requiring group housing from 4 weeks post-service
Over 40 US states or major pork buyers have committed to phase-outs
Sows in crates show elevated stress hormones and stereotypic behaviours indicating frustration
Group housing requires careful management to prevent aggression and competition

Welfare Considerations

The scientific evidence that gestation crates cause significant psychological suffering through extreme confinement is overwhelming. Sows are highly social, intelligent animals with strong motivation to explore, root, and interact. Denial of these behaviours causes measurable distress. Group housing systems, when well-managed with adequate space and enrichment, allow sows to express natural behaviours and show improved welfare indicators including reduced aggression and stereotypies. The welfare case for abolition is scientifically clear.

What You Can Do

Choose pork products from outdoor or crate-free certified sources
Support retailers and restaurants that have committed to crate-free supply chains
Advocate for full gestation crate bans in jurisdictions still permitting them
Educate others about the science of pig cognition and suffering
Support organisations working on global sow welfare reform