Hundreds of millions of horses, donkeys, and mules work globally in agriculture and transport, often under conditions that cause significant welfare compromise.
Working equines in low-income countries face chronic welfare compromise from overwork, inadequate nutrition, and lack of veterinary care. Harness sores from ill-fitting tack cause painful, infected wounds that owners may not recognise as treatable. Hoof neglect creates lameness that forces animals to work through severe pain. Lack of shade and water in hot climates causes heat stress and dehydration. The welfare improvements achievable through community-based outreach by charities including the Brooke are significant and have demonstrable productivity co-benefits, creating sustainable change through farmer self-interest. Each working equine welfare improvement benefits both the animal and the family that depends on it.