Commercial turkey farming faces specific welfare challenges that require targeted solutions addressing breed, housing and management.
Turkey welfare is compromised by the extent to which commercial breeds differ from their biological heritage. Unable to reproduce naturally, experiencing leg problems from disproportionate musculature and at high risk of feather pecking in intensive housing, commercial turkeys face welfare challenges that trace directly to genetic selection priorities. Enrichment provision including perches, pecking objects and varied objects reduces feather pecking and improves welfare. Slower-growing alternative breeds with better welfare profiles are available for premium markets. Addressing turkey welfare fundamentally requires breed reform alongside housing and management improvements.