Livestock

Gestation Crate Welfare Science and Reform

Gestation crates confine pregnant sows individually for most of the reproductive cycle, and extensive research demonstrates significant welfare harm from this practice.

Key Facts

Gestation crates measure approximately 0.6 x 2 metres, preventing sows from turning around
The EU banned gestation crates for most of the gestation period in 2013 but exemptions apply
Most UK sows are now kept in groups for most of gestation but farrowing crates remain
Sows in gestation crates show high rates of stereotypic behaviour indicating frustration
Group housing requires good management to prevent aggression at feed times

Welfare Considerations

The scientific evidence that gestation crates cause significant welfare harm through prevention of natural movement and behaviour is overwhelming. Sows confined in crates show stereotypic bar-biting and rooting behaviours that persist even after release. Group housing is demonstrably better for sow welfare when well-managed. The transition to group housing in the EU has shown it is technically feasible at commercial scale.

What You Can Do

Support pork from producers using group gestation housing as a minimum
Avoid products from US pork producers still using full-gestation crate systems
Advocate for complete bans on gestation crates in remaining exemptions
Support market development for higher welfare pork to drive industry transition
Engage with campaigns by Compassion in World Farming against gestation crates