Cognitive dysfunction syndrome is the canine equivalent of dementia and is underdiagnosed, causing significant welfare compromise in older dogs.
Dogs with cognitive dysfunction experience disorientation and confusion that is distressing. They may become lost in familiar environments, fail to recognise family members, and lose previously learned behaviours. The condition causes suffering in a population that has given years of companionship. Early recognition, appropriate management, and quality of life monitoring allow owners to maximise the welfare of dogs with CDS while they remain in good overall condition.