Bonobos are found only in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where they face bushmeat hunting, habitat loss, and civil instability threatening protection.
Hunting kills adults and orphans infants in the same manner as with chimpanzees. Orphaned bonobos require 5-8 years of intensive care before any hope of release. Civil conflict prevents effective law enforcement allowing poaching to continue unchecked. Captive bonobos in inadequate facilities suffer social deprivation and behavioral abnormalities.