Leopards are the most adaptable big cat but face welfare threats from snaring, conflict killing, and trophy hunting across their global range.
Snare injuries cause severe limb damage, infections, and slow death when animals cannot be rescued. Conflict with farmers leads to poisoning and shooting. Trophy hunting, when not well managed, removes prime breeding adults disrupting population structure. Urban leopards navigating road infrastructure suffer vehicle strike injuries. Cubs orphaned by conflict-related mortality require years of care.