Greater bilbies are critically important desert marsupials reduced to small fragmented populations by foxes, cats, and habitat change.
Feral cat predation causes traumatic death, with cats killing bilbies even when not hungry. Fox predation similarly causes traumatic mortality. Small population fragmentation causes inbreeding stress. Drought reduces insect and plant food resources causing nutritional stress. Wildfires destroy bilby burrow systems and food resources simultaneously. Poison baiting for cats and foxes sometimes affects bilby populations indirectly.