Roads kill billions of animals annually worldwide through direct collision, barrier effects on migration, and habitat fragmentation; wildlife-friendly road design significantly reduces these harms.
Road mortality represents one of the largest direct human-caused sources of individual animal suffering globally. Each collision typically causes severe physical trauma with unpredictable outcomes from rapid death to prolonged suffering from injury. The preventive potential of wildlife crossing infrastructure is well-demonstrated but inconsistently implemented. Mitigation of road effects on wildlife should be integrated into all infrastructure planning from the outset.