Drills are among the most endangered primates in Africa, facing intensive bushmeat hunting on Bioko Island and mainland Cameroon and Nigeria.
Communal hunts using dogs and nets cause widespread death across social groups. Infants clinging to dead mothers are captured for pets and suffer acute social deprivation. Island populations on Bioko face hunting from both local communities and commercial hunters from mainland Equatorial Guinea. Forest loss on the mainland fragments the remaining small populations below viable thresholds.