Mandrills are the worlds largest monkey species, living in large social groups in Gabonese and Cameroonian forests, facing bushmeat hunting and habitat loss.
Hunting disrupts large social groups causing stress and reduced cooperative defense. Males shot for their colorful faces suffer traumatic injuries. Forest fragmentation reduces the large territory ranges that hordes require. Orphaned infants sold as pets suffer extreme social deprivation as intensely social animals. Captive mandrills in zoos require very large groups and complex environments.