Pigs are highly intelligent and curious animals whose welfare depends on access to enrichment materials that allow them to root, explore, and manipulate their environment.
Pigs in barren environments suffer from boredom, frustration, and redirected behaviours including tail biting, which causes pain and infection. The evidence is clear: enrichment reduces aggression, tail biting, and stress. Farmers who provide appropriate enrichment report better productivity as well as welfare outcomes. The challenge is largely economic and practical — some housing types do not allow for deep litter or straw. Legislation without enforcement fails to protect pigs.