African and Asian vultures face a poisoning crisis driven by poaching and traditional medicine demand that causes mass mortality events.
Vultures poisoned at elephant or lion carcasses die in agony as organophosphate or carbofuran pesticides cause rapid neurological collapse. Mass poisoning events kill hundreds of birds simultaneously. Vultures are slow to reproduce, meaning population recovery takes decades even after poisoning is addressed. Their loss disrupts carcass processing with secondary welfare effects on disease transmission.