Velvet antler harvesting from farmed and managed wild deer raises welfare concerns due to the innervated nature of growing antler.
Growing velvet antler is richly innervated and highly sensitive, making harvesting an acutely painful procedure even with anesthetic support. Deer are reactive prey animals whose stress response to handling and anesthesia is significant. The combination of anesthesia welfare risk and post-procedure pain makes velvet harvesting a significant welfare concern. Consumer refusal of velvet antler products would eliminate the incentive driving this practice.