Mules — hybrids of donkeys and horses — are valued for strength and surefootedness, but welfare standards in their use and trade are poorly enforced globally.
Mules are intelligent, cautious animals often mischaracterised as stubborn when actually responding to pain or fear. Overloading with rough pack equipment causes back sores, lameness and respiratory distress on steep mountain terrain. Mules in tourist industries often work excessive hours without adequate rest, water or feed. Welfare inspections at markets are rare.