Companion Animals

Turtle and Tortoise Welfare in the Pet Trade

Turtles and tortoises are popular pets globally, yet most owners are unprepared for their complex care requirements, leading to high mortality and suffering.

Key Facts

The red-eared slider is the most traded reptile globally, with millions sold annually
Most captive turtles die within a year due to improper husbandry
Tortoises can live for 50-150 years — most outlive their owners
UV-B lighting is essential for vitamin D synthesis; its absence causes metabolic bone disease
Wild collection for the pet trade severely depletes many tortoise populations

Welfare Considerations

Turtles and tortoises have precise temperature, humidity, UV-B and dietary requirements that most pet owners cannot provide adequately. Metabolic bone disease, respiratory infections and shell pyramiding are common welfare problems arising from poor husbandry. The long lifespan of tortoises makes inadequate planning for their lifetime care a serious welfare issue.

What You Can Do

Research species-specific care requirements thoroughly before acquiring a tortoise or turtle
Adopt from rescue organisations rather than buying from pet shops
Support campaigns against wild collection of tortoises for the pet trade
Advocate for mandatory species-specific care information at point of sale