Conventional battery cages were banned in the EU in 2012, but enriched cages (colony cages) remain legal and are used for millions of hens. Their welfare improvement over battery cages is disputed.
Enriched cages offer marginal improvements over battery cages but fail to meet the behavioural needs of laying hens. The nest box area is shared and often monopolised by dominant hens. Perch use is limited by space. Dust bathing cannot occur on wire flooring. Keel bone fractures - causing chronic pain - affect 50-80% of hens in cage systems. The European Citizens Initiative 'End the Cage Age' collected 1.4 million signatures demanding a cage ban.