Colic is the leading cause of horse death in the UK. It causes acute abdominal pain ranging from mild discomfort to life-threatening emergency requiring prompt veterinary response.
Colic causes intense abdominal pain that distresses horses profoundly. Horses in colic show repeated rolling and casting (violent attempts to roll), kicking at the belly, pawing, sweating, and elevated heart rate - all indicators of severe pain. Delay in veterinary treatment allows mild colic to progress to severe, life-threatening conditions including intestinal displacement and strangulation. Analgesia must be provided promptly to reduce suffering, but should not mask signs that guide surgical decision-making. Preventive measures including adequate water supply, slow dietary changes, and fibre-based feeding reduce colic risk significantly.