Parrots are highly intelligent, long-lived birds with complex social and cognitive needs. In captivity, without adequate stimulation, they frequently develop severe behaviour problems and psychological distress.
Parrots evolved in complex social groups with rich environmental stimulation. In captivity, particularly in small cages with limited social contact, they suffer from boredom, social deprivation, and frustration. Feather destructive disorder — where birds pluck or mutilate their own feathers — is a recognised symptom of chronic psychological distress and is extremely difficult to treat once established. The welfare case against keeping parrots as companion animals is strong unless owners can commit to the extraordinary demands these birds place on time, attention, and social engagement. The purchase of wild-caught parrots drives ongoing trapping that is both cruel and illegal.