Trap-Neuter-Return programmes manage feral cat colonies in a welfare-positive way compared to lethal control while limiting population growth.
Feral cat welfare is challenging because fully feral cats cannot be rehomed and lethal control is both welfare-harmful and ineffective as it creates a vacuum effect. Well-managed TNR programmes with regular monitoring, disease treatment, and supplementary feeding provide better welfare outcomes than either killing or abandonment. Identifying and rehoming semi-feral cats that accept handling is prioritised within TNR programmes.