Wildlife

Wild Deer Welfare and Winter Supplementary Feeding

Supplementary feeding of wild deer is controversial, with welfare benefits during harsh winters balanced against risks of disease transmission and habituation.

Key Facts

Deer may starve during prolonged harsh winters when natural forage is scarce
Supplementary feeding creates congregation points that increase disease transmission risk
Habituated deer approach humans and roads, increasing conflict and collision risk
Feeding in some National Parks and estates is practiced to reduce winter mortality
The BDS does not recommend supplementary feeding except in exceptional circumstances

Welfare Considerations

The welfare case for supplementary feeding is strongest during exceptional winters when body condition is already compromised. Routine supplementary feeding creates dependency, disease risk, and human-wildlife conflict that reduce overall population welfare. Where feeding is used in exceptional circumstances, providing appropriate feed types in multiple locations reduces congregation and disease risk while addressing individual starvation welfare.

What You Can Do

Follow professional guidance from the British Deer Society on supplementary feeding
Never feed deer regularly as this creates habituation and dependency
Reduce driving speed in areas where deer may approach roads seeking supplementary food
Support habitat management providing natural winter forage
Engage with land managers about their deer welfare and management approach