Red kites were reduced to a tiny Welsh population by the early 20th century and have made a remarkable recovery through legal protection and reintroduction, now numbering over 4,000 UK breeding pairs.
Red kites face welfare threats from deliberate persecution including poisoned bait intended for foxes and crows. Secondary rodenticide poisoning is increasingly prevalent. Lead poisoning from scavenging shot game carcasses affects red kites and other scavenging raptors. Illegal killings disrupt pairs and family groups, causing breeding disruption for survivors.