Wildlife Conservation

Wolf and Livestock Coexistence Strategies

Evidence-based approaches to reducing conflict between wolves and livestock while supporting wolf recovery across Europe and North America.

Key Facts

Wolves returned naturally to parts of Western Europe since the 1990s
Livestock depredation represents 1-5% of overall sheep mortality in most wolf territories
Guardian dogs, fencing and night penning reduce attacks by 60-90%
Compensation schemes exist in over 20 countries but vary widely in effectiveness
Wolf packs typically kill far fewer livestock than feared by farmers

Welfare Considerations

Both wolf welfare and livestock welfare must be considered in coexistence planning. Wolves caught in snares or illegally shot suffer significantly. Livestock attacked suffer fear, injury and death. Guardian dogs themselves can face harsh conditions if poorly managed. Holistic approaches address the welfare of all animals involved.

What You Can Do

Support livestock protection grant programmes in your country
Advocate for fair and rapid compensation for verified losses
Oppose illegal persecution of wolves
Learn about livestock guardian dog welfare standards
Engage with local coexistence initiatives if you live in wolf range