Breeding reform to reduce inherited health problems in popular dog breeds is one of the most significant welfare opportunities in companion animal care.
Breed-related health problems cause chronic suffering for millions of dogs. Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome means dogs with flat faces are permanently compromised in their ability to breathe normally. This affects exercise tolerance, sleep quality, and thermotolerance. Many dogs require surgery to breathe adequately. Consumer demand for exaggerated appearance traits drives breeding that perpetuates suffering. Meaningful reform requires both consumer education and regulatory pressure on breed standards and health testing requirements.