Illegal poisoning of raptors on grouse moors continues despite being a serious criminal offence, threatening the recovery of species including hen harriers and golden eagles.
Raptors that consume poisoned baits die from convulsions, paralysis, and respiratory failure — deaths that involve significant suffering before death. Secondary poisoning of eagles, buzzards, and red kites that scavenge poisoned carcasses extends the welfare harm. Non-target species including dogs and cats are also killed by illegal poisons. The deliberate nature of persecution makes it a welfare issue requiring criminal justice responses.