Elephant orphans — calves separated from their herds by poaching or human conflict — require years of dedicated care and gradual social reintegration to recover full welfare.
Elephant orphans separated from their mothers show profound grief responses — reduced feeding, lethargy, and stereotypic behaviors. Social deprivation for a highly social species causes lasting psychological harm. Successful rehabilitation programs address both physical and psychological needs, demonstrating that animal welfare and conservation can be inseparable.