Guinea pigs are popular small pets but are frequently kept in inadequate conditions due to misunderstandings about their social needs, diet, and space requirements.
Guinea pigs are highly social animals that suffer significantly when kept alone. Vocalizations between bonded guinea pigs serve communication functions that are denied to solitary animals. The hutch-sized accommodation sold in pet shops is inadequate for normal guinea pig behavior including running and exploration. Many guinea pigs develop obesity, muscle weakness, and behavioral problems from insufficient space. Dental disease including elongated cheek teeth is common and painful. A diet high in fresh hay is essential for both dental wear and gut motility. Guinea pigs are prey animals that mask illness effectively, meaning owners must be alert to subtle behavioral changes. Unneutered cohabitating pairs produce rapidly growing populations that are difficult to rehome.