Animal Welfare Science

Recognizing Animal Pain: Grimace Scales and Behavioral Indicators

Advances in pain assessment tools including species-specific grimace scales have transformed our ability to identify and respond to animal pain, with implications for veterinary care and research ethics.

Key Facts

Welfare Considerations

The inability to recognize animal pain has historically been a barrier to adequate welfare protection. Grimace scales and behavioral assessment tools have made pain recognition more objective and teachable, enabling better pain management in research and veterinary settings. Widespread adoption of these tools represents one of the most practical welfare improvements available.

What You Can Do