Laboratory Animals

Non-Human Primate Research: Welfare Standards and Progress

Non-human primates remain essential to some areas of biomedical research, but growing recognition of their cognitive complexity and emotional depth has driven significant welfare improvements.

Key Facts

Approximately 110,000 non-human primates are used in research globally each year
Macaques and marmosets are the most commonly used primate species
EU Directive 2010/63 requires special justification for primate research
Social housing, foraging enrichment, and positive reinforcement training significantly improve primate welfare
Several countries are developing plans to phase out certain categories of primate research

Welfare Considerations

Non-human primates used in research have complex social lives, high cognitive abilities, and strong emotional responses to captivity and procedures. Isolation, restraint, and invasive procedures cause measurable psychological distress. Welfare improvements including social housing, training for voluntary participation, and enriched environments have significantly improved welfare outcomes in progressive research institutions.

What You Can Do

Support research funding for non-primate alternatives to current primate research models
Advocate for strict necessity requirements before primate research approval
Donate to organizations developing alternatives to primate research
Engage with research institutions about their primate welfare programs
Support transparency requirements for primate research use and welfare outcomes