Red kites have been successfully reintroduced to England and Scotland but illegal poisoning remains a serious threat.
Red kites that consume poisoned bait suffer severe neurological symptoms from carbofuran or hypothermia from alphachloralose before death. Secondary poisoning from eating anticoagulant-exposed rodents causes internal bleeding and a prolonged death. Injured birds that survive initial poisoning face organ damage and reduced survival. Each poisoning incident not only harms individual birds but reduces reproductive success of pairs whose mates die.