Research Animals

Primate Use in Research: Ethics and Alternatives

Non-human primates in research face significant welfare challenges, with the Three Rs framework guiding reduction, replacement, and refinement of use.

Key Facts

Approximately 70,000 non-human primates are used in research globally each year
The EU requires specific justification for primate use versus alternative methods
Great apes are prohibited from research use in most jurisdictions
Organ-on-a-chip technology is increasingly replacing primate models in drug safety testing

Welfare Considerations

Primates experience research procedures including restraint, injections, and blood sampling with significant stress. Social isolation necessary for some protocols contradicts the obligate sociality of most primate species. Long-term housing in research facilities creates behavioral abnormalities persisting after retirement to sanctuaries.

What You Can Do

Support funding for development and validation of non-primate research alternatives
Advocate for strict adherence to the Three Rs in all publicly funded research
Support legislation prohibiting great ape use in research universally
Donate to organizations providing retirement sanctuaries for research primates