Professional and home grooming affects dog welfare through handling stress, restraint, and physical procedures that require welfare-focused approaches.
Grooming is a repeated welfare event throughout a dog's life — if each visit is stressful, the cumulative welfare cost over a lifetime is significant. Dogs that are force-restrained during grooming may develop veterinary and handling phobias that make all physical contact aversive. Training dogs to cooperate with grooming procedures using positive methods prevents the development of grooming-related fear.