The transition from battery cages to cage-free and enriched colony systems has improved welfare — but challenges remain.
Hen housing reform has made real progress — the global transition away from battery cages represents one of the most significant farm animal welfare improvements of the past two decades. However, each system brings new welfare challenges. Cage-free hens can be cannibalized by flockmates if resources are inadequate. Enriched colonies address some battery cage problems while creating others. Aviary systems with outdoor access provide the most welfare benefits but require careful management. Understanding the trade-offs within each system drives continued improvement.