Thawing permafrost is releasing pathogens and transforming Arctic ecosystems affecting wildlife welfare.
Arctic permafrost thaw is releasing long-frozen pathogens including anthrax spores that caused mass reindeer deaths. Habitat transformation from permafrost thaw creates new wetlands while draining others. Ground-nesting birds are particularly affected by changing ground moisture. The pace of change exceeds the ability of wildlife populations to adapt behaviorally.