Capturing wild animals for research, translocation, or veterinary treatment requires careful welfare management to minimize harm.
Wildlife capture creates acute welfare harms that must be balanced against the conservation or welfare benefits of the capture. Chemical immobilization can cause hyperthermia, respiratory depression, and rarely death. Capture myopathy — muscle damage from extreme stress — can cause delayed death days after apparently successful capture. The 3Rs principle applies to wildlife research: capture should be the minimum necessary to achieve the research or conservation goal.