Traditional reindeer herding by indigenous peoples involves animal use deeply embedded in cultural practice, with welfare implications shaped by changing Arctic conditions.
Reindeer herding welfare is shaped by the intersection of traditional practice, climate change, and modernization. Climate-induced food scarcity causes periodic mass starvation in herds, a welfare crisis worsened by icing events. The shift from foot herding to motorized methods has reduced the close animal knowledge that allowed traditional herders to respond quickly to individual welfare needs. Supporting indigenous herding communities includes supporting their capacity to maintain welfare practices under climate stress.