Improving animal welfare in low-income countries requires approaches that integrate welfare into development rather than imposing wealthy-country standards.
Animal welfare improvements in developing countries must be built on foundations of economic viability, cultural respect, and practical achievability. Approaches that treat welfare as a luxury concern for wealthy societies misunderstand both the evidence — that welfare improvements often improve productivity — and the ethics — that animals in developing countries suffer equally to those in wealthy ones. The most effective interventions combine welfare education, veterinary access, and economic support that makes welfare improvements viable.