Wild boar cause significant agricultural damage across Europe, creating welfare conflicts between boar and farmers.
Wild boar in conflict with agriculture face lethal management that causes individual welfare harm without necessarily resolving the underlying conflict. Boar shot at night with inadequately aimed shots suffer injuries that may take days to prove fatal. Non-lethal exclusion measures — electric fencing around sensitive crops — reduce both agricultural losses and the need for lethal management. Coexistence strategies that protect the most vulnerable crops while tolerating boar presence elsewhere reduce overall welfare harm.