Animals in film and television production face welfare challenges from training methods, on-set conditions, and transport that regulations are working to address.
Animals in film production experience welfare challenges from aversive training methods to produce specific behaviors, on-set noise and confusion causing stress, transport between locations, and confinement between takes. Historical production practices including the filming of actual animal deaths for dramatic effect were widespread. Modern productions with AHA oversight have improved but loopholes persist. International productions may use animals outside any welfare oversight. The trend toward digital animal replacement reduces these welfare harms.